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Nutrition 3701

Lecture 6- 24 September 2010

Atherosclerosis and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Today- How Nutraceuticals(e.g. Borage oil) and Functional foods (e.g. fish) impact on :

I.                  Lipids

II.              Lipoproteins

III.          Metabolism of lipids/lipoproteins-pathways/receptors

IV.       Response to Injury-Lipid oxidation/Infection/blood pressure

V.            Platelets

VI.       Other Diseases precipitating Atherosclerosis-Diabetes/ESRD

VII.   Conclusions

FISH- Bang and Dyerberg

Current recommendations 2-3 times per week

w 3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA) are the responsible agent

I.                  Lipids

Fish

       w3  tg way down and chol constant

II.                Lipoproteins            HDLC   LDLC          VLDLC         CM

     Fish          

                w 3                 U?               D                  D       decreased ppl

III.          Metabolism of lipids/lipoproteins-pathways/receptors

LCAT         LPL               LDL   

                                                         receptor

FISH

       w3             U               U               U

Proteins             Y               Y               Y

CHO            D/U               D/U         D/U

   (TYPE)

SPECULATION

IV.       Response to Injury-Lipid oxidation/Infection/blood pressure

                                 OXIDATION                INFECTION             BP

FISH       

       w3                    U/D               Q               D

       Proteins-          D/U          D/U              D/U

       Minerals-        D               D/U           D/U                Mn/Se

Vitamins-E                           D               D/U               D/U

Speculation

V.            Platelets

FISH

       w3                      DOWN

(PGI₂ unchanged and TxA₂ DOWN)

                            (PGI₃&TxA₃ up)

VI.       Other Diseases precipitating Atherosclerosis-Diabetes/ESRD-DIET INFLUENCES SOMEWHAT AS IF ONLY ATHEROSCLEROSIS PRESENT

                                            DIABETES               ESRD

FISH

       w3                      D                      D

IMPROVED LIPID AND LIPOPROTEIN PROFILES AS ABOVE