Laboratory 5
27 January 2011
Hypertension
Pre-lab lecture-hypertension pathology
-blood volume-heart rate
-stroke volume
-cardiac output
-total peripheral resistance
-cardiac output (L) x total peripheral resistance (mm Hg)/L = pressure
relation of each of these to:
-diet
-plasma triglycerides
-plasma cholesterol
-plasma HDL-cholesterol
-plasma LDL-cholesterol
-plasma LDL size(angstroms)
-plasma Lp(a)
-plasma VLDL-triglyceride
-plasma chylomicrons-triglyceride
-clearance-fractional clearance rate
-height
-weight
-BMI(kg/m2)
-waist circumference(cm)
-platelet reactivity
bleeding time
(minutes)
With clinically significant Without clinically significant hypertension
hypertension
-blood pressure(mm Hg) 180/95 120/80
-blood volume (L) 6 5
-total peripheral resistance (mm Hg) 38 71
-cardiac output (L/min) 3.6 1.4
-heart rate 90 70
-stroke volume (ml/beat) 40 20
-diet percentage of
total calories consumed
fat 40 25
saturated fat 20 10
carbohydrates 40 55
protein 20 20
-plasma triglycerides 450 100
-plasma cholesterol 300 150
-plasma HDL-cholesterol 20 50
-plasma LDL-cholesterol 190 80
-plasma LDL size(angstroms) 250 270
-plasma Lp(a) 14 10
(not statistically significant)
-plasma VLDL-triglycerides 81 49
-plasma chylomicrons-triglyceride 0.061 0.141
fractional clearance rate
-height
-weight
-BMI(kg/m2) 35 22
-waist circumference(cm) 110 60
-platelet reactivity 6.5 6.0
bleeding time
(minutes)
not statistically significant
all lipid or lipoprotein-lipid levels are mg/dl plasma and represent fasting values except where noted otherwise
Why are diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity of significance in human hypertension? What is their relation to blood volume, total peripheral resistance, cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume.
Hypothesis
What would one hypothesise to be the differences in diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity as they relate to differences in blood volume, total peripheral resistance, cardiac output, heart rate and stroke volume between the 2 groups. Why would one suspect differences in diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity between the two groups exist?
Objective
Methods
How does one measure diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity?
Results
What are the differences (if any) in blood volume, total peripheral resistance, cardiac output, heart rate and stroke volume, diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity between the 2 groups? Indicate the correlations between diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity between the 2 groups?
Discussion
Explain the results and the correlations between diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity between the 2 groups? Why might differences in diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity between the two groups exist as they relate to differences in blood volume, total peripheral resistance, cardiac output, heart rate and stroke volume between the 2 groups?
Conclusions
What would one conclude about diet, waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid and certain lipoprotein concentrations and platelet reactivity between the 2 groups?